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You can create a hash cluster and store tables in the cluster. Rows are retrieved according to the results of a hash function. To find any row value, all you need to do is find the hash value for a cluster s key value, which you can get by using the hash function. The hash values point to data blocks in the hash cluster, so a single I/O will get you the row data and lead to more efficient performance. Here s a simple example of how you create a hash cluster: SQL> CREATE CLUSTER emp_dept(deptno NUMBER(3)) 2 TABLESPACE users 3* HASH IS deptno HASHKEYS 200; Cluster created. SQL>

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The original export and Data Pump dump files aren t compatible. You can t read the older export dump files with Data Pump import, and the older import utility can t read Data Pump export dump files. The new features of Oracle Database 10g aren t supported in the original export utility, which you still have access to in Oracle Database 10g.

In addition to expdp and impdp, you can have other clients perform Data Pump export and import by using the Data Pump API. The database uses the Oracle-supplied package DBMS_DATA PUMP to implement the API, through which you can programmatically access the Data Pump Export and Import utilities. This means that you can create powerful custom data-movement utilities using the Data Pump technology. The traditional export utility is a normal user process that writes data to its local disks. The old export utility fetches this data from a server process as part of a regular session. In contrast, the Data Pump expdp user process launches a server-side process that writes data to disks on the server node, and this process runs independently of the session established by the expdp client.

The older export/import technology was client-based. The Data Pump technology is purely serverbased. All dump, log, and other files are created on the server by default. Data Pump technology offers several benefits over the traditional export and import data utilities. The following are the main benefits of the Data Pump technology: Improved performance: The performance benefits are significant if you are transferring huge amounts of data. Ability to restart jobs: You can easily restart jobs that have stalled due to lack of space or have failed for other reasons. You may also manually stop and restart jobs. Parallel execution capabilities: By specifying a value for the PARALLEL parameter, you can choose the number of active execution threads for a Data Pump Export or import job.

* * * * set -x ; cron_count=`ps -ef | grep [c]ron | wc -l`\ ;[ $cron_count -ne 5 ] && echo "Cron Count $cron_count" | mail -s\ "Cron Count $cron_count" rbpeters

Ability to attach to running jobs: You can attach to a running Data Pump job and interact with it from a different screen or location This enables you to monitor jobs, as well as to modify certain parameters interactively Data Pump is an integral part of the Oracle database server, and as such, it doesn t need a client to run once it starts a job Ability to estimate space requirements: You can easily estimate the space requirements for your export jobs by using the default BLOCKS method or the ESTIMATES method, before running an actual export job (see the Data Pump Export Parameters section later in this chapter for details) Network mode of operation: Once you create database links between two databases, you can perform exports from a remote database straight to a dump file set.

You can also perform direct imports via the network using database links, without using any dump files The network mode is a means of transferring data from one database directly into another database with the help of database links and without the need to stage it on disk Fine-grained data import capability: Oracle9i offered only the QUERY parameter, which enabled you to specify that the export utility extract a specified portion of a table s rows With Data Pump, you have access to a vastly improved fine-grained options arsenal, thanks to new parameters like INCLUDE and EXCLUDE Remapping capabilities: During a Data Pump import, you can remap schemas and tablespaces, as well as filenames, by using the new REMAP_ * parameters Remapping capabilities enable you to modify objects during the process of importing data by changing old attributes to new values.

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